Enhancing Awareness and Reducing Stigmatization Among Parents of Children with Speech Disorders: A Case Study in Kasur, Pakistan

Abstract

The study aimed to enhance awareness, reduce stigmatization, and improve parental perspectives toward speech disorders among children in Kasur, Pakistan. It focused on identifying knowledge gaps, designing culturally sensitive interventions, and evaluating their effectiveness. An action research approach was adopted, involving 23 parents of children with speech disorders. Pre- and post-intervention data were collected using validated tools, including the Knowledge Assessment Scale (KAS), Social Stigma Scale (SSS), and Attitudinal Scale (AS). The intervention comprised educational workshops, stigma reduction strategies, and empowerment activities. Before the intervention, 24% of participants exhibited high awareness, 88% experienced medium stigmatization, and 24% had high positive perspectives. Post-intervention results showed significant improvements: high awareness increased to 70%, medium stigmatization decreased to 61%, and high perspectives improved to 57%. Despite these advancements, medium and high stigmatization persisted, indicating the need for sustained efforts. The intervention effectively addressed key gaps in awareness and perspectives, demonstrating the value of community-driven, culturally sensitive programs. However, the persistence of stigma underscores the importance of long-term engagement to challenge societal barriers and misconceptions. These findings highlight actionable pathways to support children with speech disorders and their families in similar socio-cultural contexts.

Keyword: Speech disorders, parental awareness, stigma reduction, community intervention, Kasur, Pakistan, child development.