Community Perceptions of Social and Environmental Health Risks, Associated to Industrial-Residential Overlap in the Small Industrial Estate, Kohat Road, Peshawar

Abstract

This research paper investigates the environmental and social challenges of urban expansion in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The study particularly focuses on the industrial zones that have become enveloped by residential developments. The study identifies significant pollution issues, including air, water, and noise contamination, resulting from industrial activities in previously selected industrial areas. Through a structured questionnaire survey of residents near the Small Industrial Estate (SME) on Kohat Road, the research reveals that 100% of respondents report drinking water contamination, and 90% indicate concerns regarding air and noise pollution. The findings further illustrate the social problems associated with industrial operations, including disruptions caused by heavy transport and reluctance to recommend the area for new residential settlement. The paper concludes that the current proximity of industrial units to residential areas poses serious health risks, prompting most residents to advocate for the relocation of industrial zones. The study emphasizes the urgent need for stricter environmental regulations, improved urban planning, and sustainable industrial practices to safeguard public health and environmental integrity amidst ongoing urbanization.